

Oslo: ProSus.Ĭoenen, F., van de Peppel, R. Lafferty (Ed.), Implementing LA21 in Europe: New initiatives for sustainable communities. The status of LA21 in Europe: A comparative overview. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer.Ĭoenen, F., Eckerberg, K., & Lafferty, W. Participation and the quality of environmental decision making. Oslo: ProSus.Ĭoenen, F., Huitema, D., & O'Toole, L.

Probing the essence of LA21 as a value-added approach to sustainable development and local democracy the case of the Netherlands. European Environment, 8, 50–57.Ĭoenen, F. Lessons from local green planning in the Netherlands. Policy integration and public involvement in the local policy process.

Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer.Ĭoenen, F. O'Toole (Eds.), Participation and the quality of Environmental decision making. Participation in strategic green planning in the Netherlands. Eckerberg (Eds.), From Earth Summit to Local Agenda 21, working towards sustainable development. The Netherlands: Sudsidized seeds in fertile soil. Lafferty (Ed.), Sustainable communities in Europe. Local Agenda 21 in the UK - an overview - dissolving into the mainstream? In W. European Urban and Regional Studies, 7(2), 181–186.Ĭhurch, C. Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning, 5(3), 235–254.Ĭarter, N., Nunes Da Silva, F., & Magalhaes, F. Environmental governance and transnational municipal networks in Europe. Oslo: Prosus.īulkeley, H., Davies, A., Evans, B., Gibbs, D., Kern, K., & Theobald, K. Evaluative studies of sustainable development. Local Agenda 21: Pursuing sustainable development at the local level. Networking for Local Agenda 21 implementation: Learning from experiences with Udaltalde and Udalsarea in the Basque autonomous community. Switzerland: Federal Office for Spatial Development (ARE).īarrutia, J. National promotion of Local Agenda 21 in Europe. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer.ĪRE (2005). O'Toole (Eds.), Participation and the quality of environmental decision-making. The influence of Local Agenda 21 on local policy and the quality of decisionmaking: The pioneer city of The Hague. The Civic Culture: Politival Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations. Local Agenda 21 in four Swedish municipalities: A tool towards sustainability? Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 45(2), 219–244.Īlmond, G.A. Local Agenda 21 in practice - a Swedish example. Local Agenda 21 as means of interpreting and introducing the new policy issue of sustainable production and consumption - experiences from seven Norwegian municipalities. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.Īal, C. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. In this respect Chapter 28 can cope with diversity between local authorities. The substance of any particular ‘Local Agenda 21’ will be related to the specific nature of the local community in question (its geography, demography, economics, society, and culture) (Lafferty & Eckerberg, 1998). Given that LA21 is a supra-national initiative it leaves considerable room for cross-national variation as to how, when, and why, the LA21 idea becomes salient. LA21 is being actioned in more than 6,400 local authorities in 113 countries (CSD, 2002). What is unique about LA21 as a participatory reform is that Chapter 28 of the Agenda was developed at the supra-national level. By nature LA21 is therefore a participatory reform. This dialogue seeks for a new participation process where the communication between local authorities and all local stakeholders goes beyond existing and traditional consultation. Chapter 28 is an appeal to ‘local authorities’ to engage in a dialogue for sustainable development with the members of their constituencies. ‘Local Agenda 21’ (LA21) refers to the general goal set for local communities by Chapter 28 of the ‘action plan for sustainable development’ adopted at the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992.
